One aspect that we will look at is Classical conditioning - the link between the stimulas and response bond.
1. What is the theory of Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)?
2. What is the implication of the dogs learning more quickly second time around?
3. Give sporting examples where a performer may be conditioned to respond to a stimulas completely unrelated to a response.
Another form of conditioning is that of Operant Conditioning. This work was undertaken by Skinner (1938) who developed the work of Pavlov.
1. Research Skinner's theory to Operant conditioning.
2. Why, if Skinners conclusions are correct, don't teachers/coaches use more punishment during training sessions?
Post answers below and complete before nest week's lesson.
DEADLINE - Monday 11th February 2008
5 comments:
1.Pavlovs theory was that the pairing of an neutral stimulus with an unconditional stimulus so that am assciation forms between them would result in the original unconditional response becoming a conditional response
2.the dogs had learned to associate the neutral sound of the bell to the conditionsl stimulus of the food
3. sprint-sound of gun and starting to run
swimming-sound of the beep and strting to swim
karate-someone punching and duck
1. because skinner found that the most progress was made if a positive reinforser was used for example praise from a coach. this means that if the athletes performs correctly they are given praise which encourages them to do the same thing again, whereas punishment doesnt build up an association between doing the right thing and having a good response, the athlete is just discouraged from doing the wrong thing and may become demotivated
lucie
Pavlov:
1) Pavlov was a behaviorist. This means that his theories focused on observable behavior, because behavior can be measured and thought can not. He used dogs to show how behavior could be manipulated. E.g. He trained dogs to respond to a bell. Every time he rang the bell he fed the dogs, after a while the dogs salivated every time they heard a bell; because the bell was associated with food.
2) They learned that food would be given when ever the bell rang. This is learned behavior.
3) A sprinter will run at the sound of the start gun. A swimmer will dive of the board after the starting whistle because it signifies the start of the race. A footballer will stop playing when the referee blows the whistle, it may signify the awarding of a penalty, card or break.
Skinner:
1) Operant conditioning is the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior. Operant conditioning was introduced by B. F. Skinner as an alternative to Pavlov’s classical conditioning. Skinner learned through experimentation that behavior can be conditioned by using both positive and negative reinforcement. E.g. A mouse in a maze. Positive reinforcement conditions the mouse to find the end of the maze. The mouse is rewarded with food when it reaches the first turn in the maze. Once the first kind of behavior becomes ingrained, the mouse is not rewarded until it makes the second turn. After many times through the maze, the mouse must reach the end of the maze to receive its reward. Skinner’s research on operant conditioning led him to conclude that simply rewarding small acts can condition complex forms of behavior.
Sir, About my F.A.P: I was going to it about crossing the ball to a certain area in the penalty box and getting points for what i believe is the best place, i.e. 10 points for penalty spot, 2 points for the goal line. You said something about how it would be better, could you tell me what is was again please. Thanks
Tom
http://www.shelfieldpeonline.co.uk/html/sports_psychology.html
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov born September 14, 1849 – February 27, 1936) was a Russian physiologist, psychologist, and physician. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904 for research pertaining to the digestive system. Pavlov is widely known for first describing the phenomenon of classical conditioning.
From wikipedia.
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